A description of the proposed policy, program, plan, or project that will be the focus of the HIA, including the timeline for the decision and intervention points at which HIA information will be used. Evaluation is important for the quality of individual HIAs and for the success of the HIA field as a whole. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the It also shows how HIA results can be disseminated widely in different formats through a number of channels. Third, it informs government agencies and officials of potential changes in demand for services, such as health care, emergency response, and public safety; this can facilitate an appropriate response. The fact, however, that the team conducting the HIA is aware of the decision context allows the assessment to be decision-relevant. The baseline profile characterizes the health status of affected populations and includes trends and factors (social, economic, and environmental) known to affect health. Example of a Table for Rating Importance of Health Effects. AHA does not claim ownership of any content, including content incorporated by permission into AHA produced materials, created by any third party and cannot grant permission to use, distribute or otherwise reproduce such third party content. Because developing an alternative (such as suggesting an alternate route for a proposed highway) involves many considerations that may be outside the purview and expertise of an HIA team, the committee recognizes that it may not be practical to expect the HIA team to develop alternatives independently. Create structural or process change. Thus, the assessment phase is separated from the management phase, as recommended elsewhere (NRC 1983). Although deviation from the criteria may occur, a valid and clearly articulated rationale for such deviation should be described when the HIA is reported. 4 A Community Health Improvement Process - National Center for It is also common for local, state, or tribal health departments to undertake an HIA to inform another agencys decision-making. Health Impact Assessment: International Best Practice Principles. First is screening that measure the health effects of a proposal and whether the health assessment will yield useful HEALTH ASSESSMENT AND COMMUNICATION 4 information to decision makers and stakeholders. Sources: Veerman et al. An evaluation plan should have been developed early in the HIA process to guide selection of the appropriate methods for conducting evaluations. National Academies Press (US), Washington (DC). The National Partnership for Women and Families commissioned Human Impact Partners and researchers at the San Francisco Department of Public Health to conduct an HIA of the federal Health Families Act of 2009, (more). The diversity of practice owes partly to the fact that HIAs are undertaken for a wide array of policy-making that spans many sectors, levels of government, types of proposal (policies, plans, programs, and projects), and degrees of complexity. It identifies a baseline that describes the health status of populations that will be affected by the decision. Mindell J, Biddulph J, Taylor L, Lock K, Boaz A, Joffe M, Curtis S. Improving the use of evidence in health impact assessment. PDF From Common Ground to Shared Action - American Hospital Association Box 3-1 provides an example of how screening on a proposal for a residential housing program was conducted. Key health effects: Issues were identified through analysis of newspaper coverage; outreach to such groups as local officials, members of the public, and businesses; development of a logic framework; and a survey of people living, working, or attending school near the BeltLine. Integrating human health into environmental impact assessment: An unrealized opportunity for environmental health and justice. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. The effectiveness of Health Impact Assessment: Scope and Limitations of Supporting Decision-Making in Europe. Integrates stakeholder input into the analysis of effects. Alternative to a proposal. The process is analogous to the approach in the new risk-based decision- making framework proposed in Science and Decisions (NRC 2009), in which the primary objective of risk assessment is to help decision-makers choose among risk-management options by providing information on health risks that can be considered in the context of economic, social, and other factors. Assignment of significance rests on the characterization of an effect as described above, but judgments regarding what constitutes a significant impact are ultimately determined partly on the basis of social and political values. In: Kemm J, Parry J, Palmer S, editors. 2006; Bhatia 2010; ICMM 2010). Scoping identifies those likely to be affected by the proposed policy, project, program, or plan. Why Complete an Assessment and Improvement Plan? Impact evaluation can also help to determine an HIAs effectiveness relative to the objectives set out during screening and scoping. One of the first steps in identifying the parameters of the assessment was to establish an understanding of the BeltLine, a complex project that had been evolving for several years and was expected to be constructed over a 30-year period. Focusing on Health: How Can the Health Impact of Policy Decisions be Assessed? Community health assessments use such principles as. The dissemination strategy should be developed in a systematic manner, should consider what groups need or will rely on the information (including stakeholders and decision-makers), and should determine the most effective ways to present the information to these groups, taking into account any barriers or challenges.
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